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Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Species Oral Biofilms by TaqMan Real-Time PCR

Nao Suzuki, PhD, Department of Oral Medical Science, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan
Akihiro Yoshida, PhD, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyushu Dental College, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 803-8580, Japan
Yoshio Nakano, PhD, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan

Reprint Requests: Yoshio Nakano, PhD, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Tel: +81-92-642-6423, Fax: +81-92-642-6354, Email: yosh{at}dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

Oral infectious diseases, including dental caries, various forms of periodontitis and oral malodor, are not caused by a single pathogen.The etiology of these diseases is known to be associated with bacterial accumulation and plaque composition on the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. Therefore, the quantitative, as well as qualitative, analysis of the microorganisms present in oral biofilms, namely dental plaque, subgingival plaque and tongue debris, is important for diagnosis and rational treatment decisions.The quantitative microbial analysis of oral multi-species biofilms also provides useful information for establishing the etiology of oral infectious diseases. Recently, a 5' fluorogenic, nuclease-based, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique has been increasingly employed for the quantitative microbial assessment of the human oral cavity. We review the development and use of TaqMan real-time PCR for quantifying oral bacteria, its role in the diagnosis of oral infectious diseases and their microbial etiology.

Key Words: TaqMan real-time PCR • Quantification • Oral bacteria • Biofilm

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