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Medical Applications of Transforming Growth Factor-ß

Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Carcinogenesis, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

James K. Burmester, PhD

Personalized Medicine Research Center, Marshfield Medical Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin

REPRINT REQUESTS: James K. Burmester, PhD, Personalized Medicine Research Center, Marshfield Medical Research Foundation, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfield, WI 54449, Telephone: 715-389-4368, Fax: 715-389-3808, Email: burmester.james{at}marshfieldclinic.org

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) proteins and their antagonists have entered clinical trials. These multi-functional regulators of cell growth and differentiation induce extracellular matrix proteins and suppress the immune system making TGF-ßs useful in treatment of wounds with impaired healing, mucositis, fractures, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, and autoimmune disease. In diseases such as keloids, glomerulonephritis and pulmonary fibrosis, excessive expression of TGF-ß has been implicated as being responsible for accumulation of detrimental scar tissue. In these conditions, agents that block TGF-ß have prevented or reversed disease. Similarly, in carcinogenesis, blocking TGF-ß activity may be valuable in stimulating an immune response towards metastasis. As these blocking agents receive approval, we will likely have new therapies for previously recalcitrant diseases.

Key Words: Fibrosis • Cancer • Immunosuppression • Knockout mice

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